It takes a truly inspirational woman for Margaret Thatcher to seek advice about scientific issues from, especially from one who is vocal supporter of socialism, but Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, former teacher to the Iron Lady, commanded such respect. Known for her advances in the field of X-ray crystallography, Hodgkin was able to determine the atomic structure of cholesterol, penicillin and vitamin B12, the last of which won her the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1964 making her the only British female to win the prize.
It was only in 1969, after decades of improving X-ray crystallography techniques that she was finally able to conclude her longest-lasting challenge, mapping the structure of insulin after 35 years of work, which would improve treatment for diabetics. And all of her great work was done despite suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for most of her long and active life.
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