Sister blog of Physicists of the Caribbean in which I babble about non-astronomy stuff, because everyone needs a hobby

Monday 8 June 2015

Why Philosophy Matters for Science : A Worked Example

"Fox News host Chris Wallace pushed Republican presidential candidate to expand on his criticism of Pope Francis for talking about climate change.... “if he’s not a scientist, and, in fact, he does have a degree in chemistry, neither are you …So, I guess the question would be, if he shouldn’t talk about it, should you?” "

It's not often I agree with Fox "News" about anything, but I've been saying this for a while. The "I'm not a scientist" defence is fine provided you don't then express an opinion about scientific matters. You don't somehow magically become more qualified to have a scientific opinion by not being qualified. That's not how it works.

"To that Santorum essentially said that politicians have to talk about things they’re not experts in all the time so anything is fair game. ...  And Santorum pushed back that fighting action on climate change is about defending American jobs."

Yes, politicians have to talk about things they're not experts in. But you wouldn't formulate a financial strategy without consulting the bankers. Rick, you're either saying that a) you're more qualified than the experts but non-experts shouldn't talk about science, which is self-contradictory, or b) you understand the scientific consensus but just don't care about it. Which is like saying that if a team of engineers have told you a dam is about to burst and flood a town, you don't need to evacuate that town.

At this point, Rick, I see no way to avoid labelling you as an idiot.

"At one point, Wallace notes that “somewhere between 80 percent and 90 percent of scientists” who have studied the issue agree. But Santorum is having none of it, calling it a “speculative science” and saying that he doesn’t believe anyone who is so sure of their facts. “Any time you hear a scientist say the science is settled, that’s political science, not real science, because no scientists in their right mind would say ever the science is settled.”

Yes Rick, I agree you shouldn't believe anyone who says an issue is settled. But perhaps you should believe everyone if they say an issue is settled. If a single engineer says the damn will burst, then perhaps you've got a problem or maybe you've just hired an incompetent engineer. If, however, 45 out of a team of 50 engineers say the dam will burst, treating that opinion as mere speculation is a recipe for disaster.

See also : http://astrorhysy.blogspot.cz/2014/09/quack-quack.html
http://www.slate.com/blogs/the_slatest/2015/06/07/fox_host_to_santorum_if_only_scientists_can_talk_climate_change_shouldn.html

26 comments:

  1. It's easy to avoid labeling him an idiot: label him a liar.

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  2. Wallace is wrong, that 80 to 90% agreement is among scientists who have NOT studied the issue.   Climate science is a multi-disciplinary field, so unless that glaciologist or aerosol expert has stepped outside his specialty and read the model diagnostic literature and the model independent attempts to assess climate sensitivity, he doesn't have an informed opinion on the core issue in the science.

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  3. It is better to be quite and thought a fool, than to open your mouth and be know as one!

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  4. Kenny C No, because the skeptics are perhaps  a third or more as numerous as the model diagnostic community and make up half of those attempting observation based estimates of climate sensitivity.

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  5. The headline for any story involving this clown should always be:
    This is BREAKING NEWS...
    This just in to our insert news outlet name here Newsroom...Republican Presidential Candidate Rick Santorum said something completely inane and moronic, today, his remarks indicating, yet again, his complete and total lack of any higher cognitive functions, whatsoever. In fact, it has been determined that the candidate, who is the front-runner in the race for the Republican nomination, incidentally, has never had an intelligent thought, not even accidentally, in his entire adult life.
    Speaking to neurologists at Johns Hopkins Medical School, it has been concluded that, should Santorum be elected, it is unlikely that he ever will have a single thought of any intellectual substance throughout the entirety of his administration, and will, in fact, rely upon the hand shoved up his rectum, through his intestinal tract and esophagus, which will manipulate his mouth, to appear as if he is speaking, when in fact he will be merely lip-syncing the talking points his corporate masters have placed into his mouth before the cameras rolled.

    This has been BREAKING NEWS

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  6. Kenny C Even the skeptics are in agreement that the anthropogenic contribution to the warming is "significant", that is different than any agreement that it is happening rapidly.   There was a lesser consensus that most of the rapid warming of the 80s and 90s was anthropogenic.  That consensus is now thought to have been wrong, with the latest research attributing half of that increase to natural multidecade ocean and trade wind modes.   So, if you take the overall trend of the last 60 years, there is probably a consensus that is anthropogenic.   There is not a consensus for the higher sensitivities at the top end of the IPCC range.

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  7. Climate science is as settled as Einsteins theories & more settled than the smoking/cancer link.
    Whereas that isn't 100% it is as settled as anything ever gets DRh Powell.

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  8. Adrian Parsons Then perhaps you know what the climate sensitivity to CO2 forcing is?   The IPCC estimates it is within the range of 1.5C to 4.5C, but research since AR5 suggests it might be lower.

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  9. There was also research that suggests that neutrinos travel faster than the speed of light.
    That is not to say that they do.

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  10. The very nature of science is that it is never settled.

    When 97% of the experts in a field agree on something, dismissing them because the science is "not settled" is an empty argument.

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  11. Sarge Misfit The IPCC admits that they don't know the climate sensitivity even within a factor of 3, that is a relevant argument, hardly empty.  Adrian Parsons In the climate case, the peer review challenges to the low end of the range still stand.  BTW, Einstein's GR has singularities, and problems currently patched up with dark matter, dark energy and inflation.

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  12. "Einstein's GR has singularities, and problems currently patched up with dark matter, dark energy and inflation."
    Consequences =/= problems.
    General Relativity may not be perfect (and it would be disappointing if there were no advances beyond that) however that is not a reason to conflate consequences with problems. It will take more research yet to determine if dark energy/matter is a patch or a revelation. Until that day it is neither a point for nor against relativity Martin Lewitt.
    And again, the climate issue is as scientifically settled as anything ever gets. If "the science isn't settled" is a valid argument against that it is a valid argument against how computers operate or that DNA encodes hereditary factors.

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  13. Adrian Parsons The valid argument against the "climate issue" is that there is no  evidence that the climate sensitivity to CO2 forcing is more than 1C to 1.2C.

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  14. I think you mean definitive evidence. The evidence points to a (fairly wide) range & saying "there is no evidence showing that it will be above the lower end of the range" is disingenuous at best.
    When it comes to potential devastation (even low potential) we should adopt a "better safe than sorry" attitude. Or if you prefer a different preparedness platitude "Better to have it and not need it than to need it and not have it".

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  15. "Multiple studies published in peer-reviewed scientific journals show that 97 percent or more of actively publishing climate scientists agree:
    Climate-warming trends over the past century are very likely due to human activities."

    How does CO2 factor into that, other than being one of the results of human activities?

    And how many other things beside CO2 are factors in how the climate is changing? What about sulfur dioxide? Unburned hydrocarbons? H2O? The various chemicals used in consumer aerosol products?

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  16. Martin Lewitt
    Citations please.

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  17. Not links to blogs. Citations to papers by climate scientists.

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  18. Anthony Shaw Remember when the rapid warming of the 80s and 90s was being attributed to mostly anthropogenic CO2?  A recent publication on the pause In the journal Science,  argues for a heat sink and cyclic modes in the Atlantic rather than the Pacific.

    The press release contained these two statements:

    "Rapid warming in the last three decades of the 20th century, they found, was roughly half due to global warming and half to the natural Atlantic Ocean cycle that kept more heat near the surface."

    "The authors dug up historical data to show that the cooling in the three decades between 1945 to 1975 – which caused people to worry about the start of an Ice Age – was during a cooling phase. (It was thought to be caused by air pollution.)"

    The first link is the press release, the 2nd is the full text paper.

    http://www.washington.edu/news/2014/08/21/cause-of-global-warming-hiatus-found-deep-in-the-atlantic-ocean/

    http://www.sisal.unam.mx/labeco/LAB_ECOLOGIA/OF_files/heat%20sink%20led%20to%20global-warming%20slowdown.pdf

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  19. Interesting stuff, thanks. I will have to read the paper by Keihl carefully. An equation similar to (1) in the paper by Keihl is briefly discussed in David Randall's book Atmosphere, Clouds, and Climate, p 207. Randall's analysis is interesting in that he shows, using his equation, how practically no energy flows in and out of the surface of land, and a huge amount of energy flow into and out of the ocean. (From my understanding.)

    If you follow the references at the end of the wiki article on the hiatus you will find one where scientists predicted with current models the hiatus, so I don't see why some people are so quick to dismiss the models.




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  20. DRh Powell 
    Ad hominem attacks will not be tolerated. My followers include alien conspiracy theorists and Creationists. I welcome non-mainstream views. But either behave with common courtesy and respect, or leave.

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  21. Rhys Taylor What I do not understand, is why scientist continue to blame "man", when there is this enormous "yellow orb", called the Sun that spews extremely hot CME's in the direction of Earth, along with providing us warmth, it is also taking it's own sweet time to grow into a Red Giant.  Is man going to get blamed for that, too??? I haven't decided yet, if man is totally to blame, for "climate change" or if man is only a part of the issue. It's been doing that longer than man has been on the planet..

    Just because we can talk and make up equations (that some of us still have a difficult time understanding, because they substitute symbols and infinity symbols in place of numbers, not to mention triangles), yet they fail to think the Sun might have more of an influence on our climate than we understand.

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  22. Mark Ruhland
    That is jumping to a conclusion. Of course climate scientists have taken the sun, and many other things, into account.

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  23. By the way there is great logic in how equations are put together that comes from centuries of applied math and physics. They are not just "made up".

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  24. Anthony Shaw True, you may be right. But, to blame man for all the world's ills is rather short sighted, in my view. There has to be a realization that "man" is about as big to the SUN as an ant is to humans. Miniscule.

    Gamma rays, x-rays (from outside the planet, and other various heat sources could also explain why the Earth is acting like it needs to be on medication...lol But, then you have volcanoes, that man has no control over, spewing hot gases into the air, or mountains blowing their lids (Mt St Helens, almost 36 yrs ago) and other large mountains like the one in Iceland that affected air traffic for a good while or Mt Aetna and Vesuvius, not to mention the constant lava float from the Hawaiian island's volcanoes.

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  25. Mark Ruhland This seems like quite a nice link about why the Sun cannot be the main driver of climate change. The variations in solar activity are just too small - if they were important, the planet should surely respond even more dramatically to man-made greenhouse gases.
    http://www.aip.org/history/climate/solar.htm#S5

    But, I am not a climate scientist. :D I can't tell you what the definitive answer is. This post was intended to point out the staggering hypocrisy of a politician. The way I see it there's a choice to be made : do you believe in a consensus or a conspiracy ? Because absolutely no-one in their right mind would want humans to be the cause of global warming. And yet that's what most climate scientists are claiming, and have been for decades.

    There's that classic tweet : "Plot idea: 97% of the world's scientists contrive an environmental crisis, but are exposed by a plucky band of billionaires & oil companies."

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  26. Anthony Shaw Unless you have some "unscrupulous scientists" who are trying to manipulate policy, for their own profit... It happens.

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